I just finished reading a very interesting article titled “Security without firewalls: Sensible or silly?“. The article describes a case of a complex network implementation that does not use a firewall, and poses interesting questions on the subject.
My statement that firewalls are useless may sound weird, being mouthed by someone who goes around selling himself as a computer security expert, and actually sells firewalls. If you think so, do your homework, maybe starting from the article above; you will find out interesting things.
One of my favourite quotes about firewalls comes from a paper which is not about firewalls—and that, you will see, is the point—but about software development. It is titled “Shifting the Odds – Writing (More) Secure Software”, by Steve Bellovin.
It says:
[...] firewalls are a network response to a software engineering problem.
I think that the article is a very good elaboration of this concept. Firewalls are a blatant excuse for buggy programming and protocols, horrible patch policies and zero host security practices. But it does not end here. They are network performance hogs. They are costly and complex to deploy. They are overly trusted, almost invariantly and in countless ways. That is the Great Truth of Network Security.
My home network and public servers are not protected by a firewall, and they needn’t be. Of course I’m not saying that nobody could ever break in (however unlikely that may be
). it’s just that I consider my host-based security practices as good as I find them sensible to be (and then a little more, just because I can
). As in the case described by the article, an additional layer would do no good, while introducing unnecessary complexity and hassles.
But I can’t deny that my world is what I call the good world.
Real life scenarios are often very different. In the business world, at least where I live, many people will see security expenses as a cost, refusing to consider the benefits. They would rather, and often do, pay four times as much when shit happens, than spend in advance for business continuity. However much we chant, they fail to see security as a process rather than a product: they mistake the mantra for a selling strategy.
In conclusion: the firewall is never a substitute for other good security practices. When other good security practices are in place, firewalls are often redundant or even harmful.
But you’re not going to have good security practices, so at least get a decent firewall.